Guide to Types of Construction Projects

When we build infrastructure, we are doing a construction project. When we speak of a construction project, materials and work necessary for the construction of the project are included. Construction projects also include site preparation, foundations, mechanical and electrical work, and other works needed to complete the project.

If we speak of construction projects, there are a lot of types to speak of.

Houses, apartments, condos, town houses, cottages, single unit dwellings, and subdivisions are classified under residential construction projects. The housing designs are done by an architect and an engineer, and it is executed by a contractor who hires subcontractor to do structural, electrical, mechanical, and other specialty work. Local building authority regulations and codes of practice are required for the residential construction project. Residential projects are easy to enter into the real estate market and this is the reason why many builders would prefer residential projects. This market is highly competitive with very high risks, and high rewards as well.
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The most popular type of construction project is building construction. In building construction, you add a building on a piece of property. Most of the projects are room additions and small renovations. When new buildings are construction, they simply build an enclosure that is sheltered and access and its purpose is to house people, equipment, machinery, or supplies. They also install utilities and equipment.
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There are varied types and sizes of institutional and commercial building construction. Hospitals and clinics, schools and universities, sports facilities and stadiums, large shopping centers and retail chain stores, light manufacturing plants and warehouses, and skyscrapers for offices and hotels are some projects that are included in institutional and commercial building projects. These buildings are designed by specialty architect and engineers that are hired. There are few competitors in this market segment because of the high costs and greater sophistication n of institutional and commercial buildings compared to residential construction projects.

In the whole construction industry, industrial construction just makes a small part. This part of construction is also an important part of the industry. Big, for-profit industrial corporations own these projects. Manufacturing, power generation, medicine, petroleum, and others are part of this industry.

Specialized industrial construction usually involves large scale projects with a high degree of technological complexity such as nuclear power plants, chemical processing plants, steel mills and oil refineries.

When we speak of highway construction, it involves construction, alteration, repair of roads, highways, streets, alleys, runways, paths, parking areas, and others. The highway construction project also includes all incidental construction.

Heavy construction projects usually involve projects that are not properly classified as either building or highway. Heavy construction includes construction of water and sewer line projects, dams, sewage treatment plants and facilities, flood control projects, dredging projects, and water treatment plants and facilities.